Assessing the speed, extent, and impact of the diffusion of solar PV

Electricity markets are changing towards increases in renewable sources. This technology transformation, as any other, brings opportunities and challenges to the industry. In electricity, the technology transformation is a complex process that impacts different stakeholders in many dimensions. This paper assesses the diffusion of rooftop-solar technology in electricity markets in terms of its extent, speed, and effects, considering prices and services. The analysis includes a comparison of technology transformation in the electricity sector and its effects on stakeholders in the United Kingdom, Colombia, and Brazil. The paper concludes, through a model-based framework, that Photovoltaic diffusion converges in penetrating up to 25%–30% of the residential sector regardless of a country's initial market conditions, industrialization level and solar radiation levels. Additionally, electricity prices for those households that do not use PVs will increase by about 20% by 2040. Finally, the cost recovery of utilities may be affected, though in some cases this may be more severe than in others.