Baja masa ósea y osteoporosis en pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic, autoimmune, multisystem disease of unknown aetiology, and in which the frequency of alterations in bone mineral density varies between 25% and 74%, although its diagnosis is not standardised. Objective: To describe the densitometric changes in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, as well as the clinical and demographic characteristics from two reference centres northwestern Colombia. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2013 and December 2014. The data collected included the demographic variables, menopausal status, use of tobacco and alcohol, autoantibodies, organ involvement, medications, as well as the activity and chronicity indices (SLEDAI, SLICC). Densitometric changes were defined according to World Health Organisation criteria. Statistical analyses: Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for qualitative variables, and medians with interquartile range (IQR) for quantitative variables. Results: Of the total 302 patients evaluated, 65 met eligibility criteria. Thirty-one percent of premenopausal patients had low bone mass for age was observed in 31% of pre-menopausal women, with 50% of post-menopausal women showing osteoporosis, and 27% low bone mass. The number of patients with densitometric alterations according to associated factors was, fractures 4, alcohol consumption 2, active smokers 3, anti-Ro antibodies 8, neurological involvement 7, and chronic renal failure 4. Prednisone was used in 53.8%, with a median daily dose of 10 mg (IQR 5-52). The median SLEDAI and SLICC was 0 (IQR = 0-4) and 0.5 (IQR = 0-1.75), respectively. Conclusions: Few bone densitometry results were found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The frequency of mineral bone disorders was independent of menopausal status. The median dose of prednisone was high in subjects in remission, and without organ damage.