Neutropenia febril en pacientes con malignidades hematológicas que reciben quimioterapia

objective. To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of adult patients with hematological malignancies under treatment with chemotherapy who develop febrile neutropenia. methodology. Retrospective descriptive observational study, which included patients with hematological malignancies under treatment with chemotherapy who presented febrile neutropenia treated in a high complexity hospital in the city of Medellin between January and December 2018 who met the following eligibility criteria: older than 18 years old, on chemotherapy with febrile neutropenia. Non-probability sampling of consecutive cases. The information was obtained through the review of medical records. The analysis was done in Microsoft Excel, the variables were calculated absolute and relative frequencies with percentages and proportions. results. 65 patients were included, of which 54% (35) were female, with a median age of 52 years. Regarding the diagnosis, acute lymphoblastic leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia both predominated with 34% (22). All the patients received antibiotic therapy during their hospital stay, being the most used piperacillin/tazobactam with 63% (41). Regarding the cultures, 31% (20) had a positive blood culture, 11% (7) had a positive urine culture, they are not exclusive. Regarding the neutrophil count, the median was 0. 12% (8) of the patients died. conclusion. Febrile neutropenia is a frequent complication of chemotherapy in patients with hematological malignancies who, despite having high mortality, should always receive antibiotic treatment.