Caracterización clínica y desenlaces en neonatos con catéter central venoso o arterial

BACKGROUND: Intravascular catheterization is a procedure through which a catheter is inserted into the endoluminal space in order to administer fluids, drugs or determine physiological constants. OBJECTIVE: To identify mortality related factors in neonates subjected to venous and/ or arterial central catheter in high level complexity institutions in Medellin, Colombia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Original study with retrospective cohort analytical and observational design, was conducted in neonates with central venous and/or arterial catheters in the intensive care unit. The clinical histories were used as a secondary information source, sample size was not calculated. Absolute and relative frequencies were used to summarize qualitative variables and the quantitative variables were summarized with median and interquartile range. To estimate which variables were associated to death, chi square and RR were calculated with a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: A total of 149 neonates were included: 56 (37.6%) were female and 93 (62.4%) were male. The main mode of delivery was spontaneous vertex for 78 (52.3%) neonates and 84 (56.4%) were preterm. 107 (71.8%) had adequate weight for gestational age and 32 (21.5%) died during care. Chromosomopathy and pulmonary hypertension were associated with increased mortality. CONCLUSION: We were able to determine the main clinical characteristics of patients with intravascular catheter in the local population, which is consistent with what has been described in the literature and allows us to have greater certainty in advance regarding the neonates who may require this type of intervention. KEY WORDS: Drugs; Neonates; Arterial; Catheter; Colombia; Pulmonary hypertension.