Caracterización clínica y evolución de pacientes con sarcoidosis en dos instituciones en Medellín, Colombia, 2006-2020. Análisis basal y de seguimiento de una cohorte retrospectiva

Introduction: Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory systemic disorder characterized by the formation of noncaseating granulomas in different organs of the body, mainly compromising the lungs and skin. The principal manifestations are hilar adenopathy and panniculitis. The treatment depends on the clinical presentation and the severity. There are very few reports of the clinical characteristics of the disease in underdeveloped countries such as Colombia. Aim: To describe the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of a cohort of patients with sarcoidosis in two high-complexity institutions. Methods: Retrospective chart review of adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of sarcoidosis, who were treated at Clínica Universitaria Bolivariana and Clínica CardioVID in Medellín, Colombia, from January 2006 to December 2020. Results: Fifty-two patients were included; 34 (65.4 %) were women. The most common approach for definitive diagnosis was tissue biopsy (n=43; 82.7 %). Most frequent organ involvement included lungs (n=44; 84.6 %), skin (n=16; 30.8 %), cardiac (n=5; 9.6 %), and neurologic (n=2; 3.8 %). 80.7 % of the subjects received some form of treatment. In the follow-up, 11 patients (37.9 %) persisted with the initial organ involvement. Conclusions: This pathology shows similar clinical features compared to other reports in the literature, with more cases of cardiac involvement. Steroids continue to be the mainstem of treatment for this disease, and the predominating diagnosis is histologic.