Caracterización clínica y microbiológica de pacientes pediátricos con leucemia linfoblástica aguda sometidos a tratamiento antimicrobiano

background. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is a hemato-oncologic pathology that develops in the bone marrow and affects the lymphoid lineage including b, t and natural killer cells. This disease occurs mainly in children and is characterized by specific cytogenetic abnormalities of differentiation and proliferation of lymphoid precursor cells. materials and methods. Retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted from 2014 to 2019, which included pediatric patients with a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and bacterial blood isolation. For the analysis of qualitative variables, relative and absolute frequencies were used, while quantitative variables were analyzed using median, median, and standard deviation, interquartile ranges according to their distribution. results. Twenty-eight children with a diagnosis of all and infection were included, with a median age of 4.5 years (min 1-max 10), with 50% (14) for both male and female gender. The 85.7% were from the urban area and 100% were affiliated to the General System of Social Security in Health (sgsss). The type of chemotherapy was differentiated in 89.3% (25), where the curative stage was the most present in the study in 78.6% (22/25). In addition, 50% (14) were in the induction phase of chemotherapy, 35.7% (10) in consolidation, and 10.7% (3) in maintenance. According to the type of infectious agent, 90.3% (28) were of bacterial origin and 9.7% (3) were of fungal origin, Escherichia coli being the most prevalent. Regarding antimicrobial treatment 96.4% (27) received some antibacterial agent and 3.6% (1) received antifungal. conclusions. This study highlights the high frequency of infections in pediatric patients with all, especially of bacterial origin, where this is associated with immunosuppression that is generated by chemotherapy.