Convertirse en madre durante la gestación: validación de un nuevo instrumento para su medición

Objective: To design and validate a new instrument to assess the commitment with the motherhood, the maternal-fetal bonding and the preparation for motherhood during pregnancy from Ramona Mercer's theory. Methodology: Methodological psychometric study carried out with 200 pregnant women from the city of Medellín (Colombia) during the years 2018 and 2019 in three phases: literature review, design and validation of an instrument. An instrument was designed based on the attributes identified in the literature review phase and content validation was carried out with experts, facial validation through a pilot test and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used for the construct validity. Additionally, the calculation of the internal consistency of the instrument. Results: The median age and gestation weeks of the participating women was 26 years and 26 weeks respectively. In the content validation, 100% of the items obtained an Aiken V greater than 0.7 and a CI95% above 0.7. The final model of EFA obtained a Kaiser Meyer-Olkin of 0.88 and showed three factors that explained 68.1% of the variance and a total of 21 items: support and presence of the partner (11), altruistic preparation (6) and cognitive bondin (4). The overall internal consistency obtained through Cronbach's alpha was 0.90. Conclusions: The instrument becoming a mother during pregnancy proved to be valid and reliable and allowed the dimension of support and presence of the partner not contemplated by Mercer to emerge in her theory and the commitment to motherhood to disappear.