Síndrome metabólico y riesgo cardiovascular en mujeres posmenopáusicas de una institución de primer nivel de Envigado (Colombia)

Objective: To compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women by applying the IDF and the NCEP/ATPIII criteria and to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women and associated risk factors. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study of 224 women aged ≥45 years was carried out following IDF and NCEP/ATPIII guidelines. Cardiovascular risk was estimated using Framingham projections of 10-year absolute cardiovascular disease risk and AHA cardiovascular disease risk assessment. Results: Among evaluated women, the mean age was 59 years (SD 8.36 years). Half of the women had had their last menstrual period >10 years previously, from the FUM (RIQ: 5-18). A total of 62.9% were overweight or obese. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 57.1% according to the IDF criteria (IC 95%: 50.4-63.7) vs. 37.5% according to the NCEP/ATPIII criteria (IC 95%: 31.1-44.2). Framingham score was >10% in 46% of the women. According to AHA criteria, 76.8% were at risk, or at high risk, for cardiovascular disease. In the multivariate analysis, the factors most strongly associated with metabolic syndrome according to IDF criteria were obesity (OR 5.05; IC 95%: 2.18-11.69) and age >65 years (OR 2.75; IC 95% 1.34-5.64). The factors most strongly associated with cardiovascular risk were hypertension (OR 11.58; IC 95%: 4.81-27.86), low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 16.63; IC 95%: 5.96-46.37), and age >55 years (OR 4.5; IC 95%: 1.90-10.67). Conclusion: The joint application of the IDF criteria for metabolic syndrome and the AHA criteria for cardiovascular disease risk assessment is useful to identify a greater number of women at risk.